1. From the civil war in Lebanon.
   Personal collection.


2. Cover image of Quagmire in Civil War. Italian paratroopers jumping out of a helicopter over Beirut (1982).
   Photograph: Mike Nelson.


3. Free Syrian Army soldier walking among rubble in Aleppo during the Syrian civil war.
   Still from “Residents of War-Battered Aleppo Struggle to Survive.”
   Voice of America, October 12, 2016.


4. The USS Carney, a guided-missile destroyer, fires rounds to illuminate the shoreline of Sirte, Libya, on August 29, 2016.
   Photograph: Weston Jones.


5. Beirut. Inset, South Lebanon and Vicinity, 1:150,000, 1976.
   University of Texas Libraries.


6. Beyrouth [Beirut], 1:12,500, 1961.
   University of Texas Libraries.